Conflicts of interest (COI) are situations where personal or financial interests may compromise or appear to compromise the integrity of research. The most apparent conflicts of interest include economic relationships such as direct employment, consulting fees, participation in companies, royalties, patent authorship, or receiving conference fees. However, conflicts can also stem from non-financial sources such as friendships, intellectual rivalries, academic competitions, or personal beliefs.

Disclosure Requirements:

• Authors: When submitting an article, authors must declare any financial or personal relationships with public or private organizations that could potentially influence the results of their work. This includes not only financial ties but also non-financial interests such as personal, academic, ideological, intellectual, political, or religious connections.

• Reviewers and Editors: All individuals involved in the review and editorial process must disclose any potential conflicts of interest.

Submission Process:

Conflicts of interest, whether financial or non-financial, must be disclosed at the time of article submission. This disclosure is essential to identify potential biases and prevent the publication of articles from authors with unresolved conflicts.

Publication Note:

At the end of each published article, a "Conflict of Interest" statement will be included. If no conflicts exist, the statement will read "None." This transparency helps maintain the integrity and trustworthiness of the publication process.